Kila, the Magic Husky's Ham Radio College featuring Kila and her Trusty Sidekick, Ben

Kila, the Magic Husky's Ham Radio College

featuring Kila and her Trusty Sidekick, Ben

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Episode 42 -- December 19th, 2016 -- Electronic Components and Medical Diagnostic Electronics

Listen to the episode 49 MB MP3

Review:
- Static and Current Electricity
- Alternating and Direct Current (AC and DC)
- Electromotive Force = Voltage (E)
- Current is measured in Amperes or Amps
- Resistance is measured in Ohms
- Power is measured in Watts
- E = IR, that is - Voltage = Current × Resistance.
  - So it stands to reason that Current = Voltage ÷ Resistance and
  - Resistance = Voltage ÷ Current
- P = IE or Power is Voltage × Current
  - So you can see that Amps = Watts ÷ Volts, and
  - Volts = Watts ÷ Amps.
Passive Electrical Components
- Resistors (measured in Ohms) - Variable Resistors, Light Controlled, Temp Controlled Potentiometers and Rheastats
- Capacitors (measured in Farads) - Condensers, Condensor Microphones, Variable Capacitors, Electrolitic, Tantilum
- Inductors (measured in Henrys) - Coils, Dynamic Microphones, Electromagnet, Transformers, Impedance, Current, Voltage, Chokes, Baluns, Toroidal Inductors
- Motors - DC Motors and Generators AC Motors and Alternators
- Speakers and Microphones
- CRT or Cathod Ray Tubes, either with plate deflection or magnetic deflection
I'll finish these notes later
Active Diodes Zener Rectifier Light Emitting Varistor (metal-oxide varistor) Transistors Bipolar Uni-junction Field Effect, Junction FETs Metal Oxide Semiconductor Darlington Photodarlington Tubes Triode, Pentode, Tetrode Controls Switches Slide, Toggle, Rocker, Rotary, SPST, SPDT, DPST, DPDT, 3PDT, etc. Relays, SCR, Thyristor, Diac, Triac Buttons Momentary, latching, NO, NC Fuses and Circuit Breakers (AFCI, GFCI) Rotary Encoders Display LED 7 segment LED Strips, single color, multicolor, individually addressable LCD displays OLED displays CRT - Plate or Magnetic Deflection Light Input Devices Photocells - resistive Photodiodes Phototransistors - switching Photomultiplier tube Vidicon 483 lines in NTSC (National Television System Committee) Charge Coupled Devices Pyroelectric Vidicon Camera IR - A thermographic camera (also called an infrared camera or thermal imaging camera) is a device that forms an image using infrared radiation, similar to a common camera that forms an image using visible light. Instead of the 400–700 nanometre range of the visible light camera, infrared cameras operate in wavelengths as long as 14,000 nm (14 µm). Their use is called thermography. (Wikipedia) Ultrasound - An ultrasound scan, also referred to as a sonogram, diagnostic sonography, and ultrasonography, is a device that uses high-frequency sound waves to create images of the inside of the body. The word "ultrasound," in physics, refers to sound with a frequency that humans cannot hear. In diagnostic sonography, the ultrasound is usually between 2 and 18 megahertz. Higher frequencies provide better quality images but are more readily absorbed by the skin and other tissue, so they cannot penetrate as deeply as lower frequencies. Lower frequencies can penetrate deeper, but the image quality is inferior. Because sound waves are used instead of radiation, ultrasound scans are considered safe. Obstetric sonography is frequently used to check the baby in the womb. 'Ultrasound can heat tissues slightly, and in some cases, it can also produce very small bubbles (cavitation) in some tissues. There is evidence that thymerosil alone (in vaccines) wasn't the cause, but take a kid who got 2,3,4 ultrasounds in the first trimester, who has certain genetic pre-dispositions, then add in vaccines, and yup you get late onset autism. fetuses try to move away from the ultrasound, they don't like it) CAT scan - A 'computerized tomography' (CT) (or 'computerized axial tomography' (CAT) scan) uses a computer that takes data from several X-ray images of structures inside a human's or animal's body and converts them into pictures on a monitor. Tomography is the process of generating a 2-dimensional image of a slice or section through a 3-dimensional object. Similar to looking at one slice of bread within the whole loaf. PET scan - A PET scan uses radiation, or nuclear medicine imaging, to produce 3-dimensional, color images of the functional processes within the human body. PET stands for positron emission tomography. The machine detects pairs of gamma rays that are emitted indirectly by a tracer (positron-emitting radionuclide), which is placed in the body on a biologically active molecule. The images are reconstructed by computer analysis. Modern machines often use a CT X-ray scan which is performed on a patient at the same time in the same machine. MRI - Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), also known as nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, is a technique for creating detailed images of the human body. The technique uses a very powerful magnet to align the nuclei of atoms inside the body, and a variable magnetic field that causes the atoms to resonate, a phenomenon called nuclear magnetic resonance. The nuclei produce their own rotating magnetic fields that a scanner detects and uses to create an image. MRI is used to diagnose a variety of disorders, such as strokes, tumors, aneurysms, spinal cord injuries, multiple sclerosis and eye or inner ear problems, according to the Mayo Clinic. It is also widely used in research to measure brain structure and function, among other things. • MRI scans are a non-invasive and painless procedure • Unlike X-rays and CT scans, MRI does not use ionizing radiation (which is potentially harmful to the patient) • MRI is an acronym for magnetic resonance imaging • Raymond Damadian created the first MRI full body scanner, which he nicknamed the "Indomitable." It is currently on display at the Smithsonian Institution • The magnets used in an MRI scan need to be constantly cooled to a temperature of absolute zero (-459.67°F) • Liquid helium is traditionally used to cool the magnets • An upright MRI scanner has now been created, enabling patients to feel less claustrophobic • The cost of an MRI scanner starts at $150,000 • Japan has the most MRI scanners, with 46.5 per one million citizens.

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